Wednesday, March 20, 2013

Aptitude: Easy Solution to find Square and Square root of a number


Square of numbers ending with 5
It’s simple logic, any multiplication of 5 will end with 25, so at end of the result it will be 25, in the result starting, it will be the multiplication of n * (n+1)
For Eg: 35 * 35
Where n = 3,
 3 * (3+1) = 3*4 = 12.
Append 25 to the result the answer is 1225
5
15
25
5
15
25
=
=
=
0 * (0+1) 25
1 * (1+1) 25
2 * (2+1) 25
25
225
625

Square of numbers ending with 1, 4, 6 and 9.
There is a small logic for this numbers ending.
For 1 and 6
262 = 252 + (25+26) = 625 + 51 = 676
712 = 702 + (70+71) = 4900 + 141 = 5041
For 4 and 9
242 = 252 – (25+24) = 625 – 49 = 576
692 = 702 - (70+69) = 4900 - 139 = 4761
Square root for four digit number.
First right out the squares from1 to 9.
1             1
2             4
3             9
4             16
5             25
6             36
7             49
8             64
9             81

Number ends with
1                 1 and 9
4                 2 and 8
9                 3 and 7
6                 4 and 6
5                 5

For Ex: find the square root for 1156
Now, Split the number 1156 as 11 and 56
Check where the first split lies between the nearest squares.
9 ≤ 11 ≤ 16
32 ≤ 11 ≤ 42
The lowest nearest one has to be taken here. Means, we are going to take 3.
So, the result of the first number will be 3
Multiple with n+1 number, for ex, the lowest nearest one is 3, then n=3.
So, multiple n with n+1 as below
3 * 4 = 12

Check whether 12 is less than 11 or not.
Since the unit number of 1156 is 6, as per the table the number can be 4 or 6.
If it is less take 4 else 6.
Since 12 is greater than 11, we are going to take 6.

So, the square root of 1156 is 36.

One More Ex:

Let check for 2401
Split number 24 and 01

16 ≤ 24 ≤ 25
42 ≤ 24 ≤ 52

4*5 = 20

Unit digit is 1, so the result of end number can be 1 and 9
24 is the first split one,
Check 20 with 24 is greater than or less than the first split number,
20 < 24
So take 9.

Result = 49

Let check for 1681
Split number 16 and 81

16 ≤ 16 ≤ 25
42  ≤ 16 ≤ 52

4*5 = 20

Unit digit is 1, so the result of end number can be 1 and 9
16 is the first split one,
Check whether 16 with 20, 20 > 16, and so take 1.
Result = 41